A Breakthrough in the Relief of Overactive Bladder and Urinary Incontinence

November 2008

By William Faloon

Pumpkin Seed and Soy Improve Women’s Quality of Life

Due to an increasing aging society, the number of people suffering from urination dysfunction has reached an all-time high.

In three separate studies on aging women, water-soluble pumpkin seed and soy extracts rapidly reduced the number of incontinent episodes and the number of day and nighttime urinations (micturitions).1-3

The beneficial effect was shown to statistically increase with the duration of each study, indicating that a steady improvement might occur when used longer than six to eight weeks.

This proprietary water-soluble pumpkin seed and soy extract can significantly improve urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women and thereby improve mobility and quality of life in affected individuals.

Benign Prostate Enlargement Endangers Men’s Health

Illustration showing an inflamed prostate gland.
Here, the male urogenital tract is seen, with bladder
at center. Ureters (white, at top) transport urine
from kidneys to the bladder.

Women are not alone in suffering from age-related urinary complaints. About 60% of men over age 50 suffer from benign prostate enlargement.8

The most common complaint expressed in response to prostate gland overgrowth is frequent nightly awakenings to urinate. Today’s doctors mistakenly view this as a quality of life issue and fail to treat it a life-threatening condition.

Persistent nighttime urinary urgency impairs one’s ability to properly sleep. Chronic sleep deprivation significantly increases one’s risk of common related diseases such as heart attack,9-10 cancer,11,12 depression,13 and various inflammatory syndromes.14,15

Japanese researchers have patented a water-soluble pumpkin seed extract that reduces prostate-induced urinary symptoms and has been clinically shown to help improve sleep.1

This novel extract may be considered when urinary symptoms are not being effectively corrected by existing botanical and/or pharmaceutical therapies.

Prostate-Induced Urinary Miseries

If only the prostate gland were located in a different anatomical area, its enlargement would not create so much suffering. For urine to leave the bladder, it must pass through the urethra, which is surrounded by the prostate gland. When the prostate enlarges, urinary flow is impaired and urinary urgency is increased, even when little residual urine remains in the bladder.

Two enzymes are involved in the overgrowth of prostate tissue. One of these enzymes is called aromatase, which converts testosterone to estradiol. The other enzyme is called 5-alpha reductase, which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.

Both estradiol and dihydrotestosterone are involved in stimulating unwanted prostate gland enlargement. Fortunately, there are nutrients and drugs available that can inhibit aromatase and 5-alpha reductase. Regular ingestion of these nutrients and/or drugs can often significantly reduce urinary symptoms associated with benign prostate enlargement.

For too many men, however, residual urinary symptoms remain that cause nightly arousal from deep sleep patterns the body requires to rejuvenate.

HOW BENEFICIAL TESTOSTERONE CAN BREAK DOWN INTO METABOLITES THAT CAUSE PROSTATE DISEASEE

Water-Soluble Fraction of Pumpkin Seed

For several decades, pumpkin seed oil has been included in products sold to alleviate prostate difficulties. While some effects have been shown when using the fat-soluble (oil) fraction of the pumpkin seed, it is thewater-soluble portion that demonstrated impressive mechanistic and symptomatic effects in recent studies.

Inhibition of 5-Alpha Reductase

The enzyme 5-alpha reductase converts testosterone into a powerful prostate growth-promoting metabolite called dihydrotestosterone. Compounds that inhibit 5-alpha reductase have shown efficacy in reducing prostate gland volume, alleviating urinary symptoms of prostate enlargement, and even reducing prostate cancer risk.16-19

The water-soluble fraction from pumpkin seed was tested in vitro (test tube cell study), and pumpkin seed extract was effective in inhibiting 5-alpha reductase activity by 50%.20

Inhibition of Aromatase

The enzyme aromatase converts testosterone into estradiol. The role of estrogens in the development and progression of benign prostate enlargement is clearly defined. Animal studies initially led to the hypothesis that estrogens can stimulate prostate growth, resulting in hyperplasia of the gland. A large body of subsequent human research confirms the initial findings.21-26

Estrogen stimulates proliferation of the stromal cells in the prostate gland that cause so many of the urinary discomforts associated with prostate enlargement. A study published this year documents a specific mechanism by which estradiol causes rapid proliferation of prostate stromal cells.27

Another study published this year provided further clarification of how estradiol increases the proliferation of stromal cells and how anti-estrogen compounds block this undesirable affect. The researchers concluded that “…these findings support the hypothesis that estrogens play a role in the pathogenesis of BPH, a disease characterized predominantly by stromal overgrowth.”23

In a study published last year, researchers evaluated the association of sex hormone levels in the blood with common prostate-related urinary tract symptoms. Study subjects consisted of 260 men, 60 years old or older, whose blood levels of testosterone, estradiol, and other sex hormones were measured. Of these men, 128 cases had two to four symptoms (excessive urination at night, hesitancy, incomplete emptying, and weak stream). The 132 men in the control group had no urinary symptoms.28

The results showed that prostate enlargement sufferers had significantly greater estradiol concentrations than symptom-free controls. Men suffering from urinary symptoms also had higher levels of a marker for a metabolite for dihydrotestosterone (the other documented factor in the development of prostate enlargement). After multivariate adjustments, men with the greater estradiol concentration had a 1.78 times higher incidence of urinary tract symptoms. An even greater incidence occurred in the men with the highest levels of a dihydrotestosterone metabolite, whereas blood testosterone level showed no effect on urinary tract symptoms. The doctors who conducted this study concluded by stating: “In this cross-sectional study representative of older US men, circulating AAG, a metabolite of dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol were associated with an increased risk of having lower urinary tract symptoms.”28

In an in vitro study, water-soluble pumpkin seed extract was shown to reduce aromatase levels by 50%.20 This finding helps further explain why the human clinical study we next discuss demonstrated so much efficacy in reducing nighttime urinary frequency (and improving sleep).

Human Clinical Study

The problem of awakening during the night due to an urge to urinate troubles approximately 80% of men 60-80 years old. This startling percentage goes up to 90% in men over 80 years old.

An open clinical study was done in 54 men (aged 66-88 years) to evaluate the effects of water-solublepumpkin seed extract on nighttime urinary frequency, subjective symptoms, and sleep satisfaction level. The results showed that after six weeks, there was a 39% reduction in nighttime urinary frequency.29

Urination frequency leads to insufficient sleep during the night. There was an improvement in the level of sleep satisfaction compared to the baseline level in 37 subjects who took the supplement (pumpkin seed extract with soybean germ extract).

In this human study, men who were already taking certain drugs did not show a benefit. The drugs included antidepressants, Chinese medicines, amino acid drugs (amino acids taken in large quantities via injection), alpha/beta-receptor stimulators, anticholinergics, and anti-anxiety drugs. The reason for this failure may mean these drugs interfered with the action of pumpkin seed extract, or that there was an overlapping effect.

SYMPTOMS OF BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA (BPH)

As men mature past age 40, they often develop problems relating to urination that did not exist in their youth. The symptoms of BPH include:

Urinary hesitancy
Incomplete voiding of the bladder
Terminal dribbling
Frequent urgency
Nocturia (nighttime urination)

Nocturia is a common cause of sleep loss, especially among older adults.

Conclusions

Nocturia is a frequent need to get up and go to the bathroom to urinate at night. A poll conducted by theNational Sleep Foundation showed that nocturia is a common cause of sleep loss, especially among older adults.30

Nocturia can be induced by factors such as diabetes, insomnia, nervous system disorders, or prostate enlargement. Urinary frequency and incontinence are causes of insomnia, and are accompanied by a marked deterioration in a person’s quality of life and increased mortality risk.

In aging men, the enlargement of the prostate gland is the most frequent cause of both daytime and nighttime (nocturia) urinary problems.

Most male members use the Pumpkin Seed Formula to obtain a broad-spectrum of botanical extracts shown to maintain healthy prostate function. Some men also use FDA-approved drugs like Avodart® to suppress dihydrotestosterone to very low levels.

Based on the latest findings, men with persistent urinary problems related to benign prostate enlargement may consider adding this patented water-soluble pumpkin seed-soy extract to their daily supplement regimen. For men already taking a drug like Avodart® or finasteride, and/or Pumpkin Seed Formula, it is not known if water-soluble pumpkin will provide added benefits.

The data supporting water-soluble pumpkin seed extract is particularly strong for women who suffer frequent urinations and/or incontinence.

If you have any questions on the scientific content of this article, please call a Diamond Lifestyle Advisor at +63 939 939 0601.

References

1. Available at: http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200204/000020020402A0075227.php. Accessed August 15, 2008.

2. Available at: http://www.kvinnohalsa.se/pdf/swe_pilot.pdf. Accessed August 15, 2008.

3. Yanagisawa E. Study of effectiveness of mixed processed food containing Cucurbita pepo seed extract and soybean seed extract on stress urinary incontinence in women. Jpn J Med Pharm Sci. 2003; 14(3):313-22.

4. Molander U, Sundh V, Steen B. Urinary incontinence and related symptoms in older men and women studied longitudinally between 70 and 97 years of age. A population study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2002 Nov-Dec;35(3):237-44.

5. EFLA® Pumpkin Seed Special Extract: New in vitro studies on the efficacy and mode of action in incontinence disorders. Frutarom Switzerland Ltd.; 2006.

6. Ho MH, Bhatia NN, Bhasin S. Anabolic effects of androgens on muscles of female pelvic floor and lower urinary tract. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Oct;16(5):405-9.

7. Hata K. Effects of pumpkin seed extract on urinary bladder function in anesthetized rats. Medical Science and Pharmaceutical Science. 2005;54(3): 339-45.

8. Available at: http://www.medem.com/MedLB/article_detaillb.cfm?article_ID=ZZZBLD85IWC&sub_cat=302. Accessed August 15, 2008.

9. Ayas NT, White DP, Manson JE, et al. A prospective study of sleep duration and coronary heart disease in women. Arch Intern Med. 2003 Jan 27;163(2):205-9.

10. McSweeney JC, Cody M, O’Sullivan P, et al. Women’s early warning symptoms of acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2003 Nov 25;108(21):2619-23.

11. Kakizaki M, Inoue K, Kuriyama S, et al. Sleep duration and the risk of prostate cancer: the Ohsaki Cohort Study. Br J Cancer. 2008 Jul 8;99(1):176-8.

12. Graci G. Pathogenesis and management of cancer-related insomnia. J Support Oncol. 2005 Sep;3(5):349-59.

13. Germain A, Kupfer DJ. Circadian rhythm disturbances in depression. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2008 Aug 5.

14. Power JD, Perruccio AV, Badley EM. Pain as a mediator of sleep problems in arthritis and other chronic conditions. Arthritis Rheum. 2005 Dec 15;53(6):911-9.

15. Vgontzas AN, Papanicolaou DA, Bixler EO, et al. Circadian interleukin-6 secretion and quantity and depth of sleep. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Aug;84(8):2603-7.

16. Tindall DJ, Rittmaster RS. The rationale for inhibiting 5alpha-reductase isoenzymes in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. J Urol. 2008 Apr;179(4):1235-42.

17. Marberger M. Drug Insight: 5alpha-reductase inhibitors for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Nat Clin Pract Urol. 2006 Sep;3(9):495-503.

18. Frye SV. Discovery and clinical development of dutasteride, a potent dual 5alpha-reductase inhibitor. Curr Top Med Chem. 2006;6(5):405-21.

19. Anderson ML. A preliminary investigation of the enzymatic inhibition of 5alpha-reduction and growth of prostatic carcinoma cell line LNCap-FGC by natural astaxanthin and Saw Palmetto lipid extract in vitro. J Herb Pharmacother. 2005;5(1):17-26.

20. Available at: http://www.helhetsdoktorn.nu/EFLA940Pumpkin02-04.pdf. Accessed August 15, 2008.

21. Singh PB, Matanhelia SS, Martin FL. A potential paradox in prostate adenocarcinoma progression: oestrogen as the initiating driver. Eur J Cancer. 2008 May;44(7):928-36.

22. Giton F, de la Taille A, Allory Y, et al. Estrone sulfate (E1S), a prognosis marker for tumor aggressiveness in prostate cancer (PCa). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 Mar;109(1-2):158-67.

23. Ho CK, Nanda J, Chapman KE, Habib FK. Oestrogen and benign prostatic hyperplasia: effects on stromal cell proliferation and local formation from androgen. J Endocrinol. 2008 Jun;197(3):483-91.

24. Prins GS, Korach KS. The role of estrogens and estrogen receptors in normal prostate growth and disease. Steroids. 2008 Mar;73(3):233-44.

25. Scarano WR, Cordeiro RS, Goes RM, Carvalho HF, Taboga SR. Tissue remodeling in Guinea pig lateral prostate at different ages after estradiol treatment. Cell Biol Int. 2005 Sep;29(9):778-84.

26. Matsuda T, Abe H, Suda K. Relation between benign prostatic hyperplasia and obesity and estrogen. Rinsho Byori. 2004 Apr;52(4):291-4.

27. Zhang Z, Duan L, Du X, et al. The proliferative effect of estradiol on human prostate stromal cells is mediated through activation of ERK. Prostate. 2008 Apr 1;68(5):508-16.

28. Rohrmann S, Nelson WG, Rifai N, et al. Serum sex steroid hormones and lower urinary tract symptoms in Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Urology. 2007 Apr;69(4):708-13.

29. Terado T. Clinical Study of mixed processed foods containing pumpkin seed extract and soybean germ extract on pollikiuria in night in elderly men. Jpn J Med Pharm Sci. 2004 52(4):551-61.

30. Available at: http://www.sleepfoundation.org/atf/cf/%7Bf6bf2668-a1b4-4fe8-8d1a-a5d39340d9cb%7D/2008%20POLL%20SOF.PDF. Accessed August 15, 2008.

source: http://www.lifeextension.com/magazine/2008/11/Pumpkin-Seed-Relieves-Overactive-Bladder-Urinary-Incontinence/Page-02

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Propolis

Brazil Green Propolis - natural antibiotic
Propolis is a sticky mix of resinous substance collected by bees with their saliva, which is used to protect their hives against viruses and bacteria. The bees use Propolis to coat the walls of the hive, and the entrance to every section and any gap in the hive, to prevent putrefaction and invaders in the hive. In short, Propolis guards the bees' health!

Beneficial Composition of Propolis:

Organic Acids - suppress bacteria and inflammatory reactions
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Diterpene - most effective ingredient in Propolis for inhibition of bacteria.
Trace Element - more than 30 essential and 8 non-essential trace elements for human body.
Natural Phyton - effective ingredient to inhibit bacteria
Other Nutrients - resin, fiber, folate, vitamin B, vitamin H and vitamin P

The main ingredient of Propolis is the tree resin collected by bees, some common trees are white polar, eucalyptus, birth tree, so the quality of Propolis will vary according to the place of origin. Propolis is a natural substance, so a 'primitive and unpollluted' environment becomes priority when choosing Propolis.

Of the many different kinds of Propolis, the bes is the 'Brazil Green Propolis' that comes from 500-1500 highlands southwest of Brazil-the most primitive and natural wildlife surroundings with vast forests. This area has the tropical and subtropical climate that breeds bacteria very easily. To survive, the plants in this area produce far more amount of flavonoids than plants in warm or colder climates.
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